Unit 3
Motivation and Emotion
Motivation: psychological process that directs and maintains
your behavior toward a goal
Motive: the needs, wants, interest, and desires that propel
or drive people in certain directions
Instinct Theory: we ate motivated by inborn behaviors
Biological Motives:
·
hunger
·
thirst
·
sex
·
sleep
Social Motive:
·
Achievement
·
order
·
play
·
affiliation
Drive Theory: biological, internal motivation (homeostasis)
Incentive Theory: Environmental
motivation (not as much homeostasis, more outside factors)
Drive-Reduction Theory: When an individual experiences need
or drive, then they are motivated to reduce that need or drive
Hunger: does not come from the stomach, but from the brain
(the hypothalamus)
Glucose: The form of sugar that
circulates in the blood; provides the major source of energy for body tissues;
low= hungry, high= full
Hypothalamus:
Lateral: when stimulated makes
you feel hungry
Ventromedial: when stimulated
makes you feel hungry
There are many environmental factors
to make us hungry
1.
availability of food
2.
learned preference and habits
3.
stress
Set Point Theory: the
hypothalamus regulates a stable weight
Eating Disorders
Bulimia Nervosa: characterized
by binging and purging
Anorexia Nervosa: starving of
oneself to below 85% of their normal body weight
Obesity: severely overweight to
the point of health complications
http://youtu.be/wint3Z6y4DI
Equity: give and take
Altruism: unselfish regard for
the welfare of others
Bystander Effect: people are
less willing to help if there are others around
Social Exchange Theory: Idea
that our social behavior is an exchange process, which we maximize benefits and
minimize costs
Peacemaking: Give people
superordinate (shared) goals that can only be achieved through cooperation
