Unit 3

Motivation and Emotion

Motivation: psychological process that directs and maintains your behavior toward a goal

Motive: the needs, wants, interest, and desires that propel or drive people in certain directions

Instinct Theory: we ate motivated by inborn behaviors

Biological Motives:

·         hunger

·         thirst

·         sex

·         sleep

Social Motive:

·         Achievement

·         order

·         play

·         affiliation

Drive Theory: biological, internal motivation (homeostasis)

Incentive Theory: Environmental motivation (not as much homeostasis, more outside factors)

Drive-Reduction Theory: When an individual experiences need or drive, then they are motivated to reduce that need or drive

Hunger: does not come from the stomach, but from the brain (the hypothalamus)

Glucose: The form of sugar that circulates in the blood; provides the major source of energy for body tissues; low= hungry, high= full

Hypothalamus:

Lateral: when stimulated makes you feel hungry

Ventromedial: when stimulated makes you feel hungry

There are many environmental factors to make us hungry

1.       availability of food

2.       learned preference and habits

3.       stress

Set Point Theory: the hypothalamus regulates a stable weight

Eating Disorders

Bulimia Nervosa: characterized by binging and purging

Anorexia Nervosa: starving of oneself to below 85% of their normal body weight

Obesity: severely overweight to the point of health complications

http://youtu.be/wint3Z6y4DI

Equity: give and take

Altruism: unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Bystander Effect: people are less willing to help if there are others around

Social Exchange Theory: Idea that our social behavior is an exchange process, which we maximize benefits and minimize costs

Peacemaking: Give people superordinate (shared) goals that can only be achieved through cooperation